KEY TERMS
avatar- an incarnation of a god
baray- a large artificial body of water surrounded by banks of earth, resembling a reservoir
bas-relief- sculpture projecting from a stone wall
balusters- stone pillars that form the horizontal bars in Angkorian windows
Black Death- the great outbreak of bubonic plaguein the fourteenth century
Brahmin- a Hindu priestly figure of high standing from India
bund- a low-level wall use to create shallow ponds for growing rice
calvary- soldiers who fought on horseback
causeway- a raised road across a body of water
chakravartin- a title used for the kings of Angkor meaning 'universal monarch'or 'king of kings'
concubine- a woman who lives with a man, but is unmarried, and is of lower of lower status than his wife(ves)
confluence- the intersection of two or more rivers
corps- a military unit
corvee labour- compulsory unpaid labour demanded by a king instead of taxes
delta(river)- a series of streams that branch off at the end of a river due to the build-up of sediments over time
dharma- the Hindu and Buddhist idea of good order and harmony being maintained in the world
diplomat- an official who represents the interests of their government in dealings with foreign governments
divine- relating to a god or gods
drona- a bucket, which holds one-sixteenth of a khari
dynasty- a succession of rulers from the same family
enlightenment- the realisation of how suffering is caused, and how to avoid the process of samsara
Indianisation- the adoption of Indian religious, political and cultural practices
infantry- the most basic of military formations of unmounted soldiers; having spears, bows and arrows, crossbows and swords
irrigation- a system of bringing a supply of water to a dry area, especially in order to help crops grow
karma- the Hindu/Buddhist belief that the way a person lives their life has an effect on how happy or successful they will be in their next life
khari- one khari= 100 kilograms
Khmer- ancient people of Cambodia
Krishna- a Hindu hero
laterite- a soft, clay-like material that is easy to cut and hardens when exposed to the air
linga- a phallus-shaped ''sign'' from Shiva; followers made offerings to it
lintel- a stone that spans the top of a doorway
make merit- the Buddhist idea that doing good works will earn enlightenment
matrilineal inheritance- inheritance passed from a man to his sister's son, rather than his own children
monsoon- strong winds that blow into south-east Asia from the south-west during the wet season, bringing heavy rains, and from the north-east during the dry season
phnom- hill or mountain
polytheistic- a believer in more than one god
rattan mats- mats made of woven palm fronds
regent- a person appointed to reign on behalf of an under-age ruler, until they are old enough to rule in their own right
samsara- The Hindu process of reincarnation
Sanskrit- the ancient language of India; sacred language of the Hindu religion
stele- a stone slab, bearing inscriptions and erected for ceremonial purposes or to mark territory
tribute- a payment or tax paid to a more powerful, ruling empire
Trimurti- the Hindu Trinity which compromises the three most significant gods: Brahma, Shiva and Vishnu
UNESCO- United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation
usurper- one who illegally becomes king
Vishnu- a Hindu god
watt- a temple
avatar- an incarnation of a god
baray- a large artificial body of water surrounded by banks of earth, resembling a reservoir
bas-relief- sculpture projecting from a stone wall
balusters- stone pillars that form the horizontal bars in Angkorian windows
Black Death- the great outbreak of bubonic plaguein the fourteenth century
Brahmin- a Hindu priestly figure of high standing from India
bund- a low-level wall use to create shallow ponds for growing rice
calvary- soldiers who fought on horseback
causeway- a raised road across a body of water
chakravartin- a title used for the kings of Angkor meaning 'universal monarch'or 'king of kings'
concubine- a woman who lives with a man, but is unmarried, and is of lower of lower status than his wife(ves)
confluence- the intersection of two or more rivers
corps- a military unit
corvee labour- compulsory unpaid labour demanded by a king instead of taxes
delta(river)- a series of streams that branch off at the end of a river due to the build-up of sediments over time
dharma- the Hindu and Buddhist idea of good order and harmony being maintained in the world
diplomat- an official who represents the interests of their government in dealings with foreign governments
divine- relating to a god or gods
drona- a bucket, which holds one-sixteenth of a khari
dynasty- a succession of rulers from the same family
enlightenment- the realisation of how suffering is caused, and how to avoid the process of samsara
Indianisation- the adoption of Indian religious, political and cultural practices
infantry- the most basic of military formations of unmounted soldiers; having spears, bows and arrows, crossbows and swords
irrigation- a system of bringing a supply of water to a dry area, especially in order to help crops grow
karma- the Hindu/Buddhist belief that the way a person lives their life has an effect on how happy or successful they will be in their next life
khari- one khari= 100 kilograms
Khmer- ancient people of Cambodia
Krishna- a Hindu hero
laterite- a soft, clay-like material that is easy to cut and hardens when exposed to the air
linga- a phallus-shaped ''sign'' from Shiva; followers made offerings to it
lintel- a stone that spans the top of a doorway
make merit- the Buddhist idea that doing good works will earn enlightenment
matrilineal inheritance- inheritance passed from a man to his sister's son, rather than his own children
monsoon- strong winds that blow into south-east Asia from the south-west during the wet season, bringing heavy rains, and from the north-east during the dry season
phnom- hill or mountain
polytheistic- a believer in more than one god
rattan mats- mats made of woven palm fronds
regent- a person appointed to reign on behalf of an under-age ruler, until they are old enough to rule in their own right
samsara- The Hindu process of reincarnation
Sanskrit- the ancient language of India; sacred language of the Hindu religion
stele- a stone slab, bearing inscriptions and erected for ceremonial purposes or to mark territory
tribute- a payment or tax paid to a more powerful, ruling empire
Trimurti- the Hindu Trinity which compromises the three most significant gods: Brahma, Shiva and Vishnu
UNESCO- United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation
usurper- one who illegally becomes king
Vishnu- a Hindu god
watt- a temple